Methylhomatropine

Methylhomatropine, also known as homatropine methylbromide, is a quinuclidine derivative and anticholinergic agent used in the treatment of various medical conditions. It is a synthetic compound derived from tropane, a naturally occurring alkaloid found in plants of the nightshade family.

Chemistry

Methylhomatropine is a quaternary ammonium compound, meaning it carries a positive charge. It is structurally similar to atropine, a naturally occurring anticholinergic, but with a methyl group attached to the nitrogen atom of the tropane ring. This modification increases the compound's anticholinergic activity and reduces its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, limiting its effects to the peripheral nervous system.

Pharmacology

As an anticholinergic, methylhomatropine works by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of various bodily functions. It primarily affects the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, which are found in the heart, smooth muscles, and glands. By inhibiting these receptors, methylhomatropine can reduce muscle spasms, decrease secretions, and slow the heart rate.

Medical uses

Methylhomatropine is used in the treatment of various conditions, including gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome and peptic ulcer disease. It can also be used to reduce secretions in the airways, making it useful in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. In ophthalmology, it is used as a mydriatic to dilate the pupils for eye examinations.

Side effects

Common side effects of methylhomatropine include dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention. Less common but more serious side effects can include tachycardia, palpitations, and confusion. Due to its anticholinergic properties, it should be used with caution in patients with conditions such as glaucoma and prostatic hyperplasia.

See also

• Atropine
• Anticholinergic
• Muscarinic antagonist