Norethisterone enantate

Norethisterone enantate (NETE), also known as norethindrone enanthate, is a progestogen that is used in contraception and in the treatment of menopausal syndrome and gynecological disorders. It is a long-acting injectable contraceptive that is administered intramuscularly.

Medical Uses

Norethisterone enantate is primarily used for contraception. It works by inhibiting ovulation, thickening the cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg, and thinning the endometrium to prevent implantation. It is also used in the treatment of certain gynecological conditions such as endometriosis, menorrhagia (heavy menstrual bleeding), and to alleviate symptoms of the menopause, under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

Pharmacology

Mechanism of Action

As a synthetic progestin, norethisterone enantate mimics the action of the natural hormone progesterone. Its contraceptive effects are primarily achieved through the suppression of gonadotropins, which are hormones responsible for the stimulation of ovulation during the menstrual cycle.

Pharmacokinetics

Following intramuscular injection, norethisterone enantate is slowly released into the bloodstream. It has a long half-life, which allows for the extended duration of action, making it an effective form of long-term contraception with injections required every 8 to 12 weeks.

Adverse Effects

Common side effects of norethisterone enantate include menstrual irregularities, weight gain, headache, nausea, and breast tenderness. Less common but more serious side effects may include cardiovascular problems, liver problems, and an increased risk of certain types of cancer. Patients are advised to discuss the risks and benefits of this medication with their healthcare provider.

Contraindications

Norethisterone enantate is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to the drug, those with a history of thromboembolic disorders, liver disease, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, known or suspected breast cancer, or in those who are pregnant.

History

Norethisterone enantate was first introduced in the 1950s as a component of hormonal contraception. Over the years, it has been used by millions of women worldwide and has played a significant role in family planning and reproductive health.

Society and Culture

The use of norethisterone enantate and other long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) has been encouraged by various health organizations for their efficacy, safety, and convenience. However, access to and acceptance of such methods can vary significantly across different cultures and communities.