Orchalgia

Orchalgia is a medical term referring to chronic testicular pain, a condition that can affect males of any age. The pain can vary from mild to severe and can be constant or intermittent. Orchalgia can significantly impact the quality of life, causing psychological distress and physical discomfort. The condition is complex and can be caused by various factors, making diagnosis and treatment challenging.

Causes

Orchalgia can be idiopathic, meaning its exact cause is unknown, or it can be secondary to other conditions. Some common causes include:

• Testicular torsion
• Epididymitis or orchitis
• Inguinal hernia
• Varicocele
• Hydrocele
• Trauma or injury to the testicles
• Nerve damage or neuropathy
• Vasectomy or other surgeries

Symptoms

The primary symptom of orchalgia is pain in one or both testicles. This pain may be described as aching, sharp, or throbbing. Other symptoms can include:

• Swelling or heaviness in the testicle(s)
• Tenderness to touch
• Radiating pain to the groin or abdomen

Diagnosis

Diagnosing orchalgia involves a thorough medical history and physical examination. Additional tests may include:

• Ultrasound of the testicles
• Urinalysis to check for infection
• MRI or CT scan in complex cases

Treatment

Treatment for orchalgia varies depending on the underlying cause. Options may include:

• Pain management with medications such as NSAIDs
• Antibiotics for infections
• Surgery for conditions like varicocele or hernia
• Physical therapy and scrotal support devices
• Counseling or psychotherapy for psychological support

Prognosis

The prognosis for orchalgia varies. Some men find relief through treatment, while others may experience persistent pain. Ongoing management and support are crucial for improving quality of life.

See also

• Testicular diseases
• Chronic pain
• Men's health