Panhypopituitarism

Panhypopituitarism is a condition of inadequate or absent production of the anterior pituitary hormones. It is frequently the result of other problems that affect the pituitary gland and either reduce or destroy its function or interfere with its blood supply. Although it's a rare disease, its exact prevalence is unknown. It affects both children and adults.

Signs and symptoms

The symptoms of panhypopituitarism are due to the lack of the hormones which are normally produced by the pituitary gland. They usually develop gradually and are often nonspecific, making diagnosis difficult. Symptoms can include fatigue, anemia, weight loss, low blood pressure, amenorrhea, infertility, decreased sexual desire, and joint pain. In children, there may be growth problems.

Causes

Panhypopituitarism can be caused by various conditions, all of which affect the pituitary gland. These include tumors, radiation therapy, surgery, hypophysitis, or infection. In some cases, the cause is unknown.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of panhypopituitarism involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. These tests measure the levels of various hormones in the body. Imaging studies, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), may also be used to check for abnormalities of the pituitary gland.

Treatment

Treatment of panhypopituitarism is usually lifelong and involves replacing the hormones that the pituitary gland is not producing. The type of hormone replacement therapy depends on the hormones that are lacking.

Prognosis

With appropriate treatment, most people with panhypopituitarism can lead normal lives. However, they must be vigilant about taking their medications and monitoring their condition.

See also

• Hypopituitarism
• Pituitary gland
• Hormone replacement therapy

References

Panhypopituitarism Resources
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