Paralytic ileus

Paralytic ileus is a medical condition characterized by the cessation of intestinal peristalsis. It is a type of ileus, a disruption in the normal propulsive ability of the gastrointestinal tract. Although the term is often used interchangeably with ileus, the pattern of symptoms is different.

Causes

Paralytic ileus can be caused by a number of factors, including:

• Surgery: This is the most common cause of paralytic ileus. The intestines are often handled during abdominal surgery, which can lead to a temporary cessation of peristalsis. This is known as postoperative ileus.
• Medications: Certain medications, such as opioids, can slow down the movement of the intestines.
• Infections: Infections in the abdomen, such as peritonitis, can lead to paralytic ileus.
• Electrolyte imbalance: Imbalances in electrolytes, such as potassium, can affect muscle function and lead to paralytic ileus.
• Diseases: Certain diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, can affect the nerves that control intestinal movement and lead to paralytic ileus.

Symptoms

The symptoms of paralytic ileus include:

• Abdominal pain and bloating
• Nausea and vomiting
• Inability to pass gas or stool
• Constipation

Diagnosis

Paralytic ileus is typically diagnosed through a combination of a physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests. These may include:

• X-ray: An X-ray of the abdomen can show air-filled loops of intestines, which is a sign of ileus.
• CT scan: A CT scan can provide a more detailed image of the intestines and help identify any blockages.
• Ultrasound: An ultrasound can help identify any blockages in the intestines.

Treatment

The treatment for paralytic ileus depends on the cause. It may include:

• Medication: Medications can be used to stimulate the muscles in the intestines and help restore normal movement.
• Fluid replacement: This can help correct electrolyte imbalances.
• Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be needed to remove a blockage or to treat the underlying cause of the ileus.

See also

• Ileus
• Gastrointestinal tract
• Abdominal pain
• Constipation

Paralytic ileus Resources
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