Perilymph

Perilymph is a fluid located within the inner ear of many vertebrates, including humans. It is an extracellular fluid that fills the cochlea and vestibular system of the inner ear, playing a crucial role in the function of these structures.

Composition

Perilymph is similar in composition to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and is rich in sodium ions. It is different from the endolymph, another fluid found in the inner ear, which is high in potassium ions. The unique ionic compositions of these fluids are essential for the proper functioning of the inner ear.

Function

The primary function of perilymph is to transmit sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane (eardrum) to the sensory cells of the inner ear. It also serves to protect these cells and maintain the ionic balance necessary for the generation of electrical signals in response to sound.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities in the perilymph, such as changes in its volume or composition, can lead to hearing loss and balance disorders. For example, perilymph fistula is a condition where there is an abnormal communication between the perilymph-filled space and the middle ear, leading to symptoms such as hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo.

See also

• Endolymph
• Cochlea
• Vestibular system
• Perilymph fistula

References

Perilymph Resources
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