Phenyl acetate

Phenyl acetate is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₈H₈O₂. It is the ester formed from acetic acid and phenol. Phenyl acetate is a colorless liquid that is slightly soluble in water but more soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, diethyl ether, and benzene. It has a distinctive sweet and honey-like odor, making it a valuable ingredient in the flavor and fragrance industry.

Properties

Phenyl acetate has a molecular weight of 136.15 g/mol. It boils at 195.5°C and has a density of 1.0804 g/cm³. Its refractive index is 1.5060. The compound is relatively stable but can hydrolyze in the presence of strong bases or acids to form acetic acid and phenol.

Synthesis

Phenyl acetate can be synthesized through the esterification of acetic acid with phenol. This reaction is typically catalyzed by an acid such as sulfuric acid:

C₆H₅OH + CH₃COOH → C₆H₅OOCCH₃ + H₂O

Another method involves the reaction of phenol with acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride.

Applications

Phenyl acetate is used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, including some penicillin derivatives. It is also employed as a solvent and an intermediate in the manufacture of dyes, perfumes, and flavorings. Due to its pleasant aroma, it is used in the formulation of fragrances and as a flavoring agent in food products.

Safety

Phenyl acetate is considered to be moderately toxic. It can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Ingestion or prolonged exposure can lead to more severe health effects. Proper handling and protective equipment are recommended when working with this chemical.

Environmental Impact

While phenyl acetate is not classified as a major environmental pollutant, it should be disposed of properly to minimize its impact on the environment. It is biodegradable under aerobic conditions, but its breakdown products can still pose risks to aquatic and terrestrial life.