Polyflavonoid tannin

Polyflavonoid tannin is a type of tannin, a class of astringent, polyphenolic biomolecules that bind to and precipitate proteins and various other organic compounds. They are widely distributed in many species of plants, where they play a role in protection from predation, and perhaps also as pesticides, and in plant growth regulation.

Chemical Structure

Polyflavonoid tannins, also known as condensed tannins, are polymers of flavonoid monomers. They are formed when flavonoids, which are polyphenolic compounds with a 15-carbon skeleton, are polymerized. The resulting structure is a large, complex molecule with multiple phenolic hydroxyl groups.

Occurrence and Extraction

Polyflavonoid tannins are found in a wide variety of plants, including both gymnosperms and angiosperms. They are particularly abundant in the bark, wood, leaves, fruits, and roots of many plant species. They can be extracted from these plant materials using a variety of methods, including solvent extraction and steam distillation.

Uses

Due to their ability to bind and precipitate proteins, polyflavonoid tannins have a wide range of uses. They are used in the tanning of leather, in the clarification of wine and beer, and in the treatment of certain medical conditions. They also have potential applications in the food industry as natural preservatives and antioxidants.

Health Effects

Polyflavonoid tannins have been studied for their potential health benefits. They have antioxidant properties, which means they can help protect the body from damage by free radicals. They also have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. However, excessive consumption of tannins can lead to tannin toxicity, which can cause a variety of health problems.

See Also

• Tannin
• Flavonoid
• Polyphenol
• Antioxidant
• Astringent