Pramlintide acetate

Pramlintide acetate is a synthetic analogue of the naturally occurring hormone amylin, which is co-secreted with insulin by the beta cells of the pancreas. It is used as an adjunct treatment in patients with diabetes who use mealtime insulin therapy and who have failed to achieve desired glucose control despite optimal insulin therapy.

Pharmacology

Pramlintide acetate works by slowing gastric emptying, suppressing postprandial glucagon secretion, and regulating food intake through centrally mediated appetite suppression. It is administered subcutaneously before meals and is used in addition to insulin in patients who cannot achieve adequate glucose control with insulin alone.

Clinical Use

Pramlintide acetate is used in the treatment of both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. It is indicated for patients who are already using their optimal insulin dose and meal plan but are still having trouble maintaining their blood glucose levels.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of pramlintide acetate are nausea, vomiting, and hypoglycemia. These side effects are most common when pramlintide acetate is first started or when the dose is increased.

Contraindications

Pramlintide acetate is contraindicated in patients with hypoglycemia unawareness, and in patients with gastroparesis, as it can significantly delay gastric emptying.

See Also

• Insulin
• Amylin
• Diabetes management

References

• Pramlintide Acetate. In: Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2006-.