Irritant contact dermatitis

A type of contact dermatitis caused by exposure to irritants

Irritant Contact Dermatitis

Patch test used to diagnose contact dermatitis

Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is a form of contact dermatitis that occurs when the skin comes into contact with an irritating substance. It is a non-allergic reaction that results in inflammation of the skin.

Causes

ICD is caused by direct damage to the skin by a chemical or physical agent. Common irritants include soaps, detergents, acids, and alkalis. Repeated exposure to these substances can lead to skin damage and inflammation.

Symptoms

The symptoms of irritant contact dermatitis can vary depending on the severity of the exposure. Common symptoms include:

• Redness
• Swelling
• Itching
• Burning sensation
• Blisters or vesicles in severe cases

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of ICD is primarily based on the clinical history and physical examination. A patch test may be used to rule out allergic contact dermatitis. The image on the right shows a typical patch test setup.

Treatment

The primary treatment for ICD is to avoid exposure to the irritant. Additional treatments may include:

• Topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
• Emollients to moisturize the skin
• Protective barriers such as gloves

Prevention

Preventive measures include:

• Identifying and avoiding known irritants
• Using protective clothing and equipment
• Maintaining good skin care practices

Related pages

• Contact dermatitis
• Allergic contact dermatitis
• Dermatitis