Pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor

Pyrimidine synthesis inhibitors are a class of drugs that inhibit the production of pyrimidine, a key component in DNA and RNA synthesis. These inhibitors are used in the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, viral infections, and autoimmune diseases.

Mechanism of Action

Pyrimidine synthesis inhibitors work by blocking the enzymes involved in the production of pyrimidines. This prevents the synthesis of DNA and RNA, which are essential for cell growth and replication. As a result, these inhibitors can stop the growth of rapidly dividing cells, such as cancer cells and virus-infected cells.

Types of Pyrimidine Synthesis Inhibitors

There are several types of pyrimidine synthesis inhibitors, including antimetabolites, antiviral drugs, and immunosuppressants. Antimetabolites, such as 5-fluorouracil and cytarabine, are commonly used in cancer treatment. Antiviral drugs, such as ribavirin, inhibit viral RNA synthesis. Immunosuppressants, such as leflunomide, inhibit the synthesis of pyrimidines in immune cells, reducing their activity and treating autoimmune diseases.

Clinical Uses

Pyrimidine synthesis inhibitors are used in the treatment of a wide range of diseases. In oncology, they are used to treat various types of cancer, including leukemia, lymphoma, and solid tumors. In infectious disease, they are used to treat viral infections, such as hepatitis C. In rheumatology, they are used to treat autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Side Effects

Like all drugs, pyrimidine synthesis inhibitors can cause side effects. These can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and myelosuppression, which is a decrease in the production of blood cells. More serious side effects can include liver toxicity and neurotoxicity.

See Also

• Purine synthesis inhibitors
• Antimetabolite
• Antiviral drug
• Immunosuppressant