Rajkulo

Water stream - Muktinath, Nepal - panoramio

Rajkulo is an ancient irrigation canal system found in Nepal. These canals were historically significant for the agricultural practices in the region, particularly in the Kathmandu Valley. The term "Rajkulo" translates to "royal canal," indicating their importance and the royal patronage they received.

History

The construction of Rajkulo dates back to the Malla period (12th to 18th century) in Nepal. These canals were built to divert water from rivers to agricultural lands, ensuring a steady supply of water for irrigation. The Rajkulo system played a crucial role in the development of agriculture and the sustenance of the Newar civilization in the Kathmandu Valley.

Structure and Design

Rajkulo canals were ingeniously designed to utilize the natural gradient of the land. They were constructed using locally available materials such as stone and mud. The canals were often lined with stones to prevent erosion and to ensure a smooth flow of water. The main canal would branch out into smaller channels, distributing water to various fields.

Significance

The Rajkulo system was vital for the agricultural productivity of the Kathmandu Valley. It allowed for the cultivation of multiple crops annually, contributing to the food security and economic stability of the region. The canals also supported the growth of rice, which is a staple food in Nepal.

Decline and Restoration

With the advent of modern irrigation techniques and urbanization, many Rajkulo canals fell into disrepair. However, there have been efforts to restore and preserve these historical canals. Restoration projects aim to revive the traditional irrigation practices and promote sustainable water management.

Notable Rajkulo Canals

• Tikabhairav Rajkulo: One of the oldest and most significant Rajkulo canals, originating from the Bagmati River.
• Bishnumati Rajkulo: Another important canal that played a key role in the irrigation of fields around the Bishnumati River.

See Also

• Irrigation in Nepal
• Kathmandu Valley
• Newar civilization
• Malla period