Retinoid X receptor gamma

Retinoid X receptor gamma (RXR gamma) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RXRG gene. RXR gamma is a member of the retinoid X receptors (RXRs), which are a part of the nuclear receptor family of intracellular transcription factors.

Function

RXR gamma is involved in mediating the effects of retinoic acid, a metabolite of vitamin A that plays key roles in cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. RXR gamma forms heterodimers with other nuclear receptors, such as the thyroid hormone receptor, vitamin D receptor, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, and these heterodimers regulate the expression of target genes.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the function of RXR gamma have been implicated in several diseases, including cancer, metabolic syndrome, and autoimmune diseases. For example, in certain types of cancer, the expression of RXR gamma is downregulated, which may contribute to the uncontrolled cell growth characteristic of these diseases.

Research

Research into the role of RXR gamma in disease and the potential therapeutic uses of RXR gamma agonists is ongoing. Some studies suggest that RXR gamma agonists may have potential as treatments for neurodegenerative diseases and certain types of cancer.

See also

• Retinoid X receptor
• Retinoic acid
• Nuclear receptor
• Transcription factor