Reye's Syndrome

Reye's Syndrome Reye's Syndrome is a rare but serious condition that causes swelling in the liver and brain. It most commonly affects children and teenagers recovering from a viral infection, most often the flu or chickenpox. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent serious complications or death.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Reye's Syndrome typically appear after a viral infection has started to improve. They can include:

• Persistent vomiting
• Lethargy or drowsiness
• Irritability or aggressive behavior
• Confusion or hallucinations
• Weakness or paralysis in the arms and legs
• Seizures
• Decreased level of consciousness

Causes

The exact cause of Reye's Syndrome is unknown, but it has been associated with the use of aspirin to treat viral illnesses in children and teenagers. It is believed that aspirin may trigger Reye's Syndrome in individuals who have an underlying metabolic condition.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing Reye's Syndrome involves:

• A thorough medical history and physical examination
• Blood tests to check liver function and ammonia levels
• Imaging studies such as a CT scan or MRI to assess brain swelling
• A liver biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis

Treatment

There is no specific cure for Reye's Syndrome, but supportive care in a hospital setting is essential. Treatment focuses on:

• Reducing brain swelling
• Preventing complications
• Supporting vital organ functions

Medications may include:

• Intravenous fluids
• Electrolytes
• Diuretics to reduce fluid buildup
• Medications to control seizures

Prevention

The best way to prevent Reye's Syndrome is to avoid giving aspirin to children and teenagers recovering from viral infections. Instead, use alternative medications such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen for fever and pain relief.

Prognosis

The prognosis for Reye's Syndrome varies. Early diagnosis and treatment improve the chances of recovery. However, severe cases can lead to permanent brain damage or death.

History

Reye's Syndrome was first described in 1963 by Dr. R. Douglas Reye, an Australian pathologist. Since then, awareness and preventive measures have significantly reduced the incidence of the disease.

See Also

• Aspirin
• Viral Infections
• Liver Function Tests
• National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. "Reye's Syndrome Information Page."
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Reye's Syndrome."

External Links

• CDC Reye's Syndrome
• NINDS Reye's Syndrome

NIH genetic and rare disease info

• NIH info on Reye's Syndrome

Reye's Syndrome is a rare disease.