Sesamoiditis

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Sesamoiditis is an inflammatory condition affecting the sesamoid bones, which are small, round bones embedded within the tendons of the foot. These bones are located near the metatarsophalangeal joint of the big toe and play a crucial role in weight-bearing and movement.

Symptoms

The primary symptoms of sesamoiditis include:

• Pain in the ball of the foot, particularly under the big toe
• Swelling and bruising in the affected area
• Difficulty bending and straightening the big toe
• Pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest

Causes

Sesamoiditis is typically caused by repetitive stress or trauma to the sesamoid bones. Common causes include:

• High-impact activities such as running, dancing, and basketball
• Wearing improper footwear that does not provide adequate support
• Sudden increase in physical activity

Risk Factors

Certain factors can increase the risk of developing sesamoiditis, including:

• Participation in sports or activities that place excessive pressure on the forefoot
• Having high arches or flat feet
• Wearing high-heeled shoes or shoes with insufficient cushioning

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of sesamoiditis is primarily based on a physical examination and patient history. Imaging studies such as X-rays or MRIs may be used to rule out other conditions like gout, bursitis, or a fracture.

Treatment

Treatment for sesamoiditis typically involves conservative measures, including:

• Rest and avoidance of activities that exacerbate symptoms
• Application of ice to reduce swelling
• Use of anti-inflammatory medications such as NSAIDs
• Wearing orthotic devices or cushioned pads to offload pressure from the sesamoid bones
• Physical therapy to strengthen the surrounding muscles and improve foot mechanics

In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove the sesamoid bone or repair damaged tissue.

Prognosis

With appropriate treatment, the prognosis for sesamoiditis is generally good. Most individuals experience significant improvement in symptoms with conservative management. However, chronic cases may require ongoing management to prevent recurrence.

See Also

• Metatarsalgia
• Plantar fasciitis
• Morton's neuroma
• Stress fracture