Tartar (Calculus)
Tartar, also known as calculus, is a rough, porous mineral deposit that forms on teeth. It starts off as plaque, which is a soft, sticky biofilm filled with bacteria. When plaque is not removed promptly from the teeth, it can harden and turn into tartar.
Formation[edit | edit source]
The formation process of tartar involves:
- Dental Plaque Accumulation: After every meal, a layer of dental plaque accumulates on the teeth.
- Mineralization: Over time, saliva's minerals, primarily calcium phosphate, crystallize and fuse with the plaque, leading to the hardening or calcification of the plaque.
- Tartar Build-up: As the mineralized plaque continues to accumulate, it forms tartar.
Locations[edit | edit source]
Tartar primarily builds up in two areas:
- Supragingival Tartar: Found on the visible part of the tooth, above the gumline. It’s easier to see and remove.
- Subgingival Tartar: Located below the gumline, attached to the tooth roots. This type is more problematic as it can contribute to gum diseases like periodontitis.
Risks[edit | edit source]
- Can lead to severe gum diseases like gingivitis and periodontitis.
- Provides a porous surface for additional plaque accumulation.
- Can cause bad breath and discoloration of teeth.
- Can lead to tooth loss if not managed appropriately.
Prevention[edit | edit source]
- Regularly brush and floss teeth to prevent plaque build-up.
- Use an antiseptic mouthwash to reduce bacteria in the mouth.
- Attend regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings.
- Consuming a balanced diet and reducing sugary foods and drinks.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
The removal of tartar requires a procedure known as scaling. During this procedure:
- A dental professional, usually a dental hygienist, uses special tools like scalers and curettes to gently scrape off tartar from the tooth surfaces.
- For severe cases, ultrasonic instruments might be used.
- Regular dental cleanings, typically every six months, can help in managing tartar build-up.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- "Dental Calculus and Tartar." American Dental Association.
- "What is Tartar?" Academy of General Dentistry.
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