Tert-Butylbenzene

Tert-Butylbenzene is an organic compound that belongs to the class of chemical compounds known as aromatic hydrocarbons. It is a colorless liquid that is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. Tert-Butylbenzene is used in the synthesis of other organic compounds and as a solvent in chemical reactions.

Structure and Properties

Tert-Butylbenzene has a molecular formula of C₁₀H₁₄. It consists of a benzene ring, which is a six-membered ring of carbon atoms with alternating single and double bonds, and a tert-butyl group, which is a branched alkyl group with the formula -C(CH₃)₃. The tert-butyl group is attached to one of the carbon atoms in the benzene ring.

The structure of tert-butylbenzene gives it certain physical and chemical properties. For example, it has a boiling point of 183.5°C and a melting point of -24.7°C. It is less dense than water, with a density of 0.867 g/cm³.

Synthesis

Tert-Butylbenzene can be synthesized by the Friedel-Crafts alkylation of benzene with tert-butyl chloride. This reaction is catalyzed by a Lewis acid, such as aluminum chloride (AlCl₃).

Uses

Tert-Butylbenzene is used in the synthesis of other organic compounds. For example, it can be used to prepare tert-butylphenol, which is a precursor to certain plasticizers and antioxidants. It is also used as a solvent in chemical reactions.

Safety

Tert-Butylbenzene is flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air. It can cause irritation to the skin and eyes, and prolonged exposure can lead to serious health effects. Therefore, it should be handled with care, using appropriate personal protective equipment.

See Also

• Benzene
• Tert-Butyl chloride
• Friedel-Crafts alkylation
• Tert-Butylphenol