Transrectal biopsy

A transrectal biopsy is a medical procedure used to obtain tissue samples from the prostate gland. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose prostate cancer or other prostate-related conditions.

Procedure

The transrectal biopsy is typically performed using a transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) to guide the biopsy needle. The patient is usually positioned on their side with knees drawn up towards the chest. A lubricated ultrasound probe is inserted into the rectum to visualize the prostate gland. Once the prostate is located, a spring-loaded needle is used to take multiple tissue samples from different areas of the prostate.

Indications

A transrectal biopsy is indicated when there are abnormal findings in a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test or a digital rectal exam (DRE). It is also used to evaluate the extent of prostate cancer in patients who have already been diagnosed.

Risks and Complications

As with any medical procedure, a transrectal biopsy carries certain risks. These may include:

• Infection: There is a risk of infection due to the introduction of bacteria from the rectum into the prostate.
• Bleeding: Patients may experience bleeding from the rectum or in the urine or semen.
• Pain: Some discomfort or pain may be experienced during and after the procedure.

Aftercare

After a transrectal biopsy, patients are usually advised to rest and avoid strenuous activities for a few days. Antibiotics may be prescribed to prevent infection. It is important to monitor for signs of infection or excessive bleeding and to contact a healthcare provider if these occur.

Related Pages

• Prostate cancer
• Prostate-specific antigen
• Digital rectal exam
• Transrectal ultrasound