Transversion

Transversion is a type of mutation that occurs in DNA when a purine (adenine or guanine) is replaced by a pyrimidine (cytosine or thymine), or vice versa. This is in contrast to transition mutations, which involve a purine being replaced by another purine, or a pyrimidine being replaced by another pyrimidine.

Mechanism

Transversions can occur through a variety of mechanisms, including deamination, oxidative damage, and the action of DNA repair enzymes. They can also be induced by certain carcinogens, such as those found in tobacco smoke and charred food.

Effects

The effects of transversions can vary widely, depending on the specific location and context of the mutation. In some cases, they can lead to the production of a different amino acid in a protein, potentially altering its function. This can result in a variety of genetic disorders, including certain forms of cancer. However, many transversions are silent mutations, meaning they do not result in any noticeable change in the organism.

Detection

Transversions can be detected using a variety of techniques, including DNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These methods can identify the specific location and nature of the mutation, allowing for targeted treatment strategies.

See also

• Transition mutation
• Point mutation
• Frameshift mutation
• Missense mutation
• Nonsense mutation