Vanishing twin syndrome

Vanishing twin syndrome is a term used to define a situation in which one of a set of twin pregnancies disappears in the uterus during the early stages of pregnancy. The fetal tissue is absorbed by the other twin, multiple, placenta or the mother, giving the appearance of a "vanishing twin".

Causes

The exact cause of vanishing twin syndrome is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to chromosomal abnormalities. These abnormalities could be due to a variety of factors, including advanced maternal age, previous miscarriages, or issues with the placenta or umbilical cord.

Diagnosis

Vanishing twin syndrome is typically diagnosed through an ultrasound examination. In the early stages of pregnancy, multiple fetuses may be detected. However, in a later ultrasound, one of the fetuses may no longer be visible. This is often the first indication of vanishing twin syndrome.

Symptoms

In many cases, vanishing twin syndrome is asymptomatic, meaning that the mother does not experience any symptoms. However, in some cases, the mother may experience symptoms such as vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, or a decrease in pregnancy symptoms.

Complications

While vanishing twin syndrome itself is not typically harmful to the remaining fetus, it can occasionally lead to complications. These can include preterm labor, infection, or hemorrhaging. In some cases, the surviving twin may experience developmental issues as a result of the syndrome.

Treatment

There is no specific treatment for vanishing twin syndrome. Care is typically focused on ensuring the health and well-being of the surviving twin and the mother. This can include regular ultrasound examinations, blood tests, and close monitoring of the mother's health.

Prognosis

The prognosis for the surviving twin in a vanishing twin syndrome pregnancy is generally good. However, the surviving twin may be at a slightly increased risk of cerebral palsy and other developmental issues.

See also

• Multiple birth
• Miscarriage
• Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome

Vanishing twin syndrome Resources
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