Vanishing twin

Vanishing twin is a term used to define a pregnancy in which one of a set of twin fetuses disappears in the uterus during pregnancy. This can occur as a result of a miscarriage of one twin, often before the mother even realizes she's carrying more than one baby. The fetal tissue of the vanished twin is absorbed by the other twin, the mother, or the placenta. The phenomenon of the vanishing twin was first recognized in 1945.

Causes

The exact cause of the vanishing twin syndrome is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to chromosomal abnormalities. These abnormalities can cause the fetus to stop developing and eventually be reabsorbed.

Diagnosis

Vanishing twin syndrome is typically diagnosed through an ultrasound. If an ultrasound reveals a twin pregnancy but later only one heartbeat can be detected, the diagnosis of a vanishing twin is made.

Symptoms

In many cases, the mother does not experience any symptoms when a twin vanishes. However, some women may experience symptoms similar to a miscarriage, including bleeding, cramping, and pelvic pain.

Prognosis

The prognosis for the surviving twin is generally good. However, there may be an increased risk of cerebral palsy.

See also

• Multiple birth
• Twin
• Miscarriage