Viniculture

Viniculture or viticulture is the science, production, and study of grapes. It deals with the series of events that occur in the vineyard. When the grapes are used for winemaking, it is also known as viniculture.

History

The history of viticulture dates back to the Neolithic period, with evidence of vine cultivation found in the Near East, Georgia, and Egypt. The Greeks and Romans further developed the cultivation of the vine and the production of wine, with the Romans spreading viticulture across their empire.

Viticulture and terroir

The concept of terroir, which refers to the unique combination of natural factors associated with any particular vineyard, is integral to viticulture. These factors include things such as soil, underlying rock, altitude, slope of hill or terrain, orientation toward the sun, and microclimate (typical rain, winds, humidity, temperature variations, etc.).

Viticulture practices

There are many practices in viticulture that have a significant impact on the wine produced. These include the decision of when to harvest the grapes, the selection of the grape variety to be grown, the pruning of the vine, and the type of fermentation and aging used.

Diseases and pests

Grapes and vineyards can suffer from a variety of diseases and pests, which can result in poor quality grapes or even vine death. These include various types of fungi, bacteria, viruses, insects, and mites.

See also

• Wine
• Winemaking
• Vineyard
• Grape

References

Viniculture Resources
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