1-Naphthaleneacetic acid

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Synthetic plant hormone

1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) is a synthetic plant hormone in the auxin family and is an ingredient in many commercial plant rooting horticultural products. It is a naphthalene derivative and is structurally related to the natural plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).

Chemical Properties

1-Naphthaleneacetic acid has the chemical formula C₁₂H₁₀O₂. It appears as a white to light yellow crystalline powder. It has a melting point of 130-135°C and a boiling point of 265°C. The compound is slightly soluble in water but is more soluble in organic solvents.

Uses

NAA is primarily used in agriculture and horticulture as a plant growth regulator. It is commonly applied to stimulate rooting in cuttings of plants, to prevent premature fruit drop, and to thin out excessive fruit in orchards. It is also used to promote the formation of adventitious roots in plant tissue culture.

Mechanism of Action

As an auxin, NAA mimics the action of natural auxins in plants. It promotes cell elongation, differentiation, and division. When applied to plant cuttings, it enhances the development of roots by stimulating the cells in the root initiation zone.

Safety and Handling

NAA is classified as an irritant and should be handled with care. Appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and goggles should be worn when handling the substance. It should be stored in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials.

See Also

• Auxin
• Indole-3-acetic acid
• Plant hormone
• Rooting hormone
• Plant tissue culture