15-Hydroperoxy-5Z,8Z,11Z,13E-eicosatetraenoic acid
15-Hydroperoxy-5Z,8Z,11Z,13E-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-HPETE) is a hydroperoxide derivative of arachidonic acid, an important polyunsaturated fatty acid in the human body. It is a member of the eicosanoid family, which are signaling molecules that exert complex control over many bodily systems, primarily in inflammation and immunity.
Structure and Synthesis[edit | edit source]
15-HPETE is synthesized from arachidonic acid by the action of the enzyme 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX). The enzyme catalyzes the insertion of molecular oxygen into arachidonic acid, specifically at the 15th carbon, resulting in the formation of a hydroperoxide group. The chemical structure of 15-HPETE is characterized by a 20-carbon chain with four double bonds in the cis, cis, cis, trans configuration, and a hydroperoxy group at the 15th carbon.
Biological Function[edit | edit source]
15-HPETE serves as a precursor to various other bioactive lipids, including lipoxins and resolvins, which play roles in resolving inflammation. It can also be further reduced to 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) by glutathione peroxidase.
In the context of inflammation, 15-HPETE and its derivatives are involved in the regulation of leukocyte activity, modulation of cytokine production, and the resolution of inflammatory responses. These compounds are crucial in maintaining the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signals in the body.
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
Alterations in the levels of 15-HPETE and its metabolites have been associated with various pathological conditions, including asthma, atherosclerosis, and certain types of cancer. The study of 15-HPETE and its pathways is important for understanding the mechanisms of these diseases and for developing potential therapeutic interventions.
Research and Applications[edit | edit source]
Research into 15-HPETE has focused on its role in inflammation and its potential as a target for drug development. Inhibitors of 15-lipoxygenase, the enzyme responsible for its synthesis, are being investigated for their potential to treat inflammatory diseases and cancer.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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