4-aminophenol
4-Aminophenol[edit | edit source]
4-Aminophenol is an organic compound with the formula C6H7NO. It is one of three isomeric aminophenols, the others being 2-Aminophenol and 3-Aminophenol. 4-Aminophenol is a white crystalline solid that is commonly used as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and dyes.
Structure and Properties[edit | edit source]
4-Aminophenol consists of a benzene ring with an amino group (−NH2) and a hydroxyl group (−OH) attached to the para positions. This arrangement makes it a para-substituted phenol. The presence of both an amino group and a hydroxyl group allows 4-aminophenol to participate in hydrogen bonding, which influences its solubility and reactivity.
- Molecular formula: C6H7NO
- Molar mass: 109.13 g/mol
- Appearance: White crystalline solid
- Melting point: 187 °C (369 °F)
- Solubility: Soluble in water, ethanol, and ether
Synthesis[edit | edit source]
4-Aminophenol can be synthesized through several methods, including the reduction of 4-Nitrophenol using reducing agents such as iron or zinc in the presence of an acid. Another method involves the hydrolysis of paracetamol (acetaminophen) under acidic or basic conditions.
Applications[edit | edit source]
4-Aminophenol is primarily used as an intermediate in the production of paracetamol, a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug. It is also used in the manufacture of dyes, particularly hair dyes, and as a developer in black and white photography.
Pharmaceutical Use[edit | edit source]
In the pharmaceutical industry, 4-aminophenol is a key precursor in the synthesis of paracetamol. The process involves the acetylation of 4-aminophenol with acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride to form paracetamol.
Dye Industry[edit | edit source]
In the dye industry, 4-aminophenol is used to produce various azo dyes. These dyes are formed by coupling 4-aminophenol with diazonium salts, resulting in vibrant colors used in textiles and other materials.
Safety and Handling[edit | edit source]
4-Aminophenol should be handled with care, as it can be harmful if ingested or inhaled. It may cause skin and eye irritation. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and goggles should be used when handling this compound.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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