Aldophosphamide

Aldophosphamide is a cytotoxic agent that is used in the treatment of various types of cancer. It is a prodrug of phosphoramide mustard and acrolein, which are the active compounds responsible for its cytotoxic effects. Aldophosphamide is metabolized in the liver by the enzyme cytochrome P450 to produce these active metabolites.

Mechanism of Action

Aldophosphamide itself is not cytotoxic. However, once it is metabolized in the liver, it produces two active metabolites: phosphoramide mustard and acrolein. Phosphoramide mustard is the compound responsible for the cytotoxic effects of aldophosphamide. It works by cross-linking DNA, which prevents the DNA from being properly replicated. This leads to cell death and prevents the growth of cancer cells.

Acrolein, the other metabolite produced by the metabolism of aldophosphamide, is responsible for the drug's toxicity. It can cause damage to the bladder, which can lead to hemorrhagic cystitis, a serious and potentially life-threatening condition.

Uses

Aldophosphamide is used in the treatment of a variety of cancers, including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and leukemia. It is often used in combination with other chemotherapy drugs to increase its effectiveness.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of aldophosphamide include nausea, vomiting, and hair loss. More serious side effects can include low blood cell counts, which can lead to an increased risk of infection, bleeding, and anemia. As mentioned earlier, aldophosphamide can also cause hemorrhagic cystitis, which can be life-threatening.

See Also

• Cancer
• Chemotherapy
• Cytotoxicity
• DNA replication
• Hemorrhagic cystitis