Amelanism

Amelanism is a genetic mutation that prevents the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for coloration in animals. This condition is also known as amelanosis and is different from albinism, which is a more general term for a group of genetic disorders involving little or no melanin production.

Causes

Amelanism is caused by a mutation in the genes responsible for the production of melanin. These genes control the production of the enzymes tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein 1, which are necessary for the synthesis of melanin. When these genes are mutated, the enzymes are not produced, leading to a lack of melanin.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of amelanism is a lack of color in the skin, hair, and eyes. This can range from a complete lack of color to a very light coloration. Other symptoms can include vision problems, such as nystagmus (involuntary eye movement), strabismus (crossed or misaligned eyes), and photophobia (sensitivity to light).

Treatment

There is currently no cure for amelanism. Treatment is focused on managing the symptoms and preventing complications. This can include the use of sunglasses to protect the eyes from sunlight, and sunscreen to protect the skin from sunburn.

See also

• Albinism
• Melanism
• Genetic mutation