Autonomic hyperreflexia

Autonomic Hyperreflexia is a potentially life-threatening medical condition that can occur in individuals with spinal cord injuries at the level of T6 or above. It is characterized by an overreaction of the autonomic nervous system to stimuli, leading to a sudden and severe increase in blood pressure, heart rate, and muscle spasms.

Causes

Autonomic Hyperreflexia is most commonly caused by a spinal cord injury at or above the sixth thoracic vertebra (T6). Other potential causes include multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and certain types of brain injury. The condition is triggered by an irritant below the level of the injury, such as a full bladder or bowel, an infection, or even tight clothing.

Symptoms

The most common symptom of Autonomic Hyperreflexia is a sudden and severe increase in blood pressure. Other symptoms can include a slow heart rate, flushing of the skin, sweating above the level of the injury, and severe headache. If left untreated, the condition can lead to stroke, seizures, or even death.

Treatment

Treatment for Autonomic Hyperreflexia involves removing the triggering irritant and managing the symptoms. This can involve emptying the bladder or bowel, treating any infections, or adjusting clothing. Medications may also be used to help control blood pressure and heart rate.

Prevention

Prevention of Autonomic Hyperreflexia involves regular monitoring for potential triggers, such as a full bladder or bowel, and treating these promptly. Regular medical check-ups are also important to monitor for any changes in health that could potentially trigger the condition.

See also

• Spinal cord injury
• Autonomic dysreflexia
• Hypertensive emergency