Collective narcissism

Collective Narcissism

Collective narcissism is a psychological term that refers to an inflated belief in the greatness of one's own social group, often accompanied by a need for external validation and recognition of this perceived superiority. This concept extends the idea of individual narcissism to a group level, where the group, rather than the individual, becomes the focus of narcissistic admiration and entitlement.

Origins and Development

The concept of collective narcissism was first introduced by Theodor W. Adorno and later developed by social psychologists such as Agnieszka Golec de Zavala. It is rooted in the broader field of social identity theory, which explores how individuals derive a sense of identity and self-esteem from their membership in social groups.

Characteristics

Collective narcissism is characterized by:

• Exaggerated Group Superiority: Members of the group believe their group is superior to others and deserving of special treatment.
• Sensitivity to Criticism: The group is highly sensitive to perceived threats or criticisms, often reacting defensively or aggressively.
• Need for External Validation: There is a strong desire for external recognition and validation of the group's perceived greatness.
• Hostility Towards Out-Groups: Collective narcissism often leads to hostility and aggression towards out-groups perceived as threats.

Psychological Mechanisms

Collective narcissism is maintained through several psychological mechanisms:

• In-Group Bias: Favoring one's own group over others, often leading to prejudice and discrimination.
• Projection: Attributing one's own undesirable traits or feelings to out-groups.
• Social Comparison: Constantly comparing the in-group to out-groups to maintain a sense of superiority.

Implications and Consequences

Collective narcissism can have significant social and political implications, including:

• Intergroup Conflict: Heightened tensions and conflicts between groups, often fueled by perceived threats to the in-group's status.
• Political Extremism: Support for authoritarian leaders or policies that promise to restore or enhance the group's status.
• Social Division: Increased polarization and division within societies, as groups become more insular and hostile towards others.

Research and Studies

Research on collective narcissism has explored its impact on various social and political phenomena. Studies have shown that collective narcissism is associated with:

• Support for Populist Movements: Groups with high levels of collective narcissism are more likely to support populist leaders who promise to elevate the group's status.
• Conspiracy Theories: A tendency to believe in conspiracy theories that portray the in-group as a victim of external threats.
• Aggressive Nationalism: An aggressive form of nationalism that seeks to assert the nation's superiority over others.

Also see

• Narcissism
• Social Identity Theory
• In-group Bias
• Authoritarianism
• Nationalism