Electronystagmography

Electronystagmography (ENG) is a diagnostic test used to evaluate the vestibular system of the inner ear. The vestibular system is responsible for maintaining balance and spatial orientation. Electronystagmography measures involuntary movements of the eye, known as nystagmus, which can be caused by a disorder in the inner ear or brain.

Procedure

Electronystagmography is a non-invasive procedure that involves placing electrodes around the eyes to record eye movements. The patient is asked to follow a visual target with their eyes, usually a light that moves in a specific pattern. The electrodes pick up the electrical signals generated by the eye movements and convert them into data that can be analyzed by a healthcare professional.

Uses

Electronystagmography is primarily used to diagnose balance disorders, such as Meniere's disease, vestibular neuritis, and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). It can also be used to evaluate dizziness and vertigo symptoms that are not explained by other diagnostic tests.

Risks and Complications

As a non-invasive procedure, electronystagmography is generally safe. However, it may cause temporary dizziness or nausea in some patients. In rare cases, it can trigger a vertigo attack in individuals with certain vestibular disorders.

Interpretation of Results

The results of an electronystagmography test are interpreted by a healthcare professional, usually a neurologist or otolaryngologist. Abnormal eye movements can indicate a problem in the inner ear or brain. The specific pattern of eye movements can help to identify the underlying condition causing the symptoms.

See Also

• Vestibular system
• Nystagmus
• Meniere's disease
• Vestibular neuritis
• Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo