Exploratory laparotomy

Exploratory laparotomy is a type of surgical procedure that involves opening the abdomen to investigate the cause of abdominal pain or to diagnose or treat an abdominal illness or injury. It is often used when non-invasive diagnostic methods, such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, are inconclusive.

Procedure

The procedure is performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes a large incision in the abdomen and examines the abdominal organs. The location and size of the incision can vary depending on the specific circumstances. The surgeon may take biopsies, remove tissue, or perform other necessary procedures. After the examination, the incision is closed with sutures or staples.

Indications

Exploratory laparotomy is often performed to diagnose and treat a variety of conditions, including appendicitis, peritonitis, abdominal trauma, cancer, and intestinal obstruction. It can also be used to evaluate the extent of certain diseases, such as cancer, within the abdomen.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, exploratory laparotomy carries risks, including infection, bleeding, hernia, and complications from anesthesia. There is also the risk of damage to the abdominal organs.

Recovery

Recovery from an exploratory laparotomy can take several weeks. The patient may need to stay in the hospital for a few days to a week after the surgery. Pain management, wound care, and monitoring for complications are important aspects of recovery.

See Also

• Laparoscopy
• Abdominal surgery
• General surgery