Fluoridosis
| Fluoridosis | |
|---|---|
| [[File:|250px|]] | |
| Synonyms | Fluorosis |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Changes in tooth enamel, bone alterations |
| Complications | Dental fluorosis, Skeletal fluorosis |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | Dental, skeletal |
| Causes | Excessive intake of fluoride |
| Risks | High fluoride levels in water, certain foods, or industrial exposure |
| Diagnosis | Clinical examination, history of fluoride exposure |
| Differential diagnosis | N/A |
| Prevention | Monitoring fluoride levels, using appropriate fluoride-containing products |
| Treatment | Management of fluoride intake, supportive care |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | |
| Frequency | |
| Deaths | |
Fluoridosis, also known as fluorosis, is a condition caused by excessive intake of fluoride which leads to various health problems, primarily affecting the teeth and bones. It is categorized into two main types: dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis.
Causes[edit | edit source]
Fluoridosis occurs due to the ingestion of fluoride in amounts that exceed the levels that the body can tolerate. Common sources of excessive fluoride include:
- High fluoride levels in drinking water
- Consumption of fluoride-rich foods
- Prolonged use of fluoride-containing dental products
- Exposure to fluoride dust and fumes in industrial settings
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
Dental Fluorosis[edit | edit source]
In dental fluorosis, the changes are primarily cosmetic, affecting the enamel of the teeth. It is characterized by:
- Discoloration — ranging from white streaks to yellow, brown, or black stains
- Surface irregularities — pits or roughness in the enamel
Skeletal Fluorosis[edit | edit source]
Skeletal fluorosis involves changes to bone structure and is more severe. Symptoms include:
- Pain and stiffness in joints
- Bone deformities
- Impaired joint mobility
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of fluoridosis is based on:
- Clinical examination of teeth and bones
- Patient history regarding fluoride exposure
- Sometimes, analysis of fluoride levels in the body
Prevention[edit | edit source]
Preventing fluoridosis involves:
- Monitoring fluoride levels in community water supplies
- Educating the public about appropriate use of fluoride-containing products
- Regulation of industrial emissions containing fluoride
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment focuses on reducing fluoride exposure and managing symptoms:
- Adjusting the level of fluoride intake
- Supportive care for bone pain and stiffness in cases of skeletal fluorosis
Epidemiology[edit | edit source]
The prevalence of fluoridosis varies globally, depending on natural fluoride levels in water and the use of fluoride-containing products.
See also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
