Galanin receptor 3

Galanin receptor 3 (GALR3) is a G protein-coupled receptor that in humans is encoded by the GALR3 gene. It is one of the three known receptors of the neuropeptide galanin.

Function

Galanin receptor 3 is a member of the galanin family of G protein-coupled receptors, which also includes GALR1 and GALR2. These receptors are activated by the neuropeptide galanin and have been implicated in a variety of biological processes, including pain perception, memory and learning, neuroendocrine regulation, and depression.

Gene

The GALR3 gene is located on the chromosome 22 at position 22q13.1. It spans approximately 5.5 kilobases and consists of three exons. The gene is expressed in various tissues, including the brain, pituitary gland, small intestine, and colon.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the function of the galanin system, including GALR3, have been implicated in several neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, and depression. In addition, galanin and its receptors are involved in the regulation of food intake, and alterations in their function may contribute to obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Pharmacology

Several drugs that target the galanin system, including GALR3, are under development for the treatment of various disorders, including depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, and pain. These drugs include galanin agonists, which activate the galanin receptors, and galanin antagonists, which block their function.

See also

• Galanin
• Galanin receptor 1
• Galanin receptor 2

References

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