Glutaricaciduria I

Glutamic Acid is an amino acid that is critical to the human body. It is a non-essential amino acid, meaning the body can produce it on its own. Glutamic acid is also a key molecule in cellular metabolism.

Chemical Structure

Glutamic acid has a chemical formula of C5H9NO4. It is a polar, negatively charged molecule at physiological pH. Its side chain is a carboxylic acid group, which gives it its acidic properties.

Functions

Glutamic acid plays several important roles in the body. It is a building block of proteins, and is involved in protein synthesis. It also serves as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and is involved in cognitive functions such as learning and memory.

In addition, glutamic acid is a precursor to the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which plays a role in regulating neuronal excitability.

Dietary Sources

Glutamic acid is found in a variety of foods, including meat, poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy products. It is also found in some fruits and vegetables, such as tomatoes and spinach.

Health Effects

While glutamic acid is generally considered safe, excessive amounts can lead to a condition known as excitotoxicity, which can damage nerve cells. Some studies have also suggested a link between high levels of glutamic acid and certain neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

See Also

• Amino acid
• Protein
• Neurotransmitter
• Gamma-aminobutyric acid
• Excitotoxicity
• Alzheimer's disease
• Parkinson's disease