Grand Est

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Grand Est is an administrative region in France established on 1 January 2016. It is located in the northeastern part of the country and was formed by the merger of three former regions: Alsace, Champagne-Ardenne, and Lorraine. The creation of Grand Est was part of a territorial reform aimed at reducing the number of regions in France from 22 to 13.

Geography

Grand Est is bordered by four countries: Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, and Switzerland. It is also bordered by the French regions of Hauts-de-France, Île-de-France, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, and Centre-Val de Loire. The region covers an area of approximately 57,433 square kilometers, making it one of the largest regions in France.

The region features diverse landscapes, including the Vosges Mountains, the Ardennes, and the Champagne plains. The Rhine River forms part of the eastern border with Germany.

History

The history of Grand Est is rich and varied, with each of the former regions contributing its unique heritage. Alsace has a history of alternating between French and German control, which has influenced its culture and architecture. Champagne-Ardenne is renowned for its production of Champagne and has a history dating back to the Roman era. Lorraine is known for its industrial heritage and was a significant battleground during both World Wars.

Economy

Grand Est has a diverse economy that includes agriculture, industry, and services. The region is famous for its wine production, particularly in the areas of Champagne and Alsace. The industrial sector is also significant, with a strong presence in the automotive, chemical, and machinery industries. The region's proximity to several European countries makes it an important hub for trade and logistics.

Culture

The cultural heritage of Grand Est is a blend of French and German influences, particularly in the former region of Alsace. The region is known for its traditional festivals, cuisine, and architecture. Notable cultural sites include the Strasbourg Cathedral, the Palace of the Dukes of Lorraine, and the Champagne vineyards.

Administrative Divisions

Grand Est is divided into ten departments:

• Ardennes
• Aube
• Marne
• Haute-Marne
• Meurthe-et-Moselle
• Meuse
• Moselle
• Bas-Rhin
• Haut-Rhin
• Vosges

Transport

The region is well-connected by a network of highways, railways, and waterways. The TGV (high-speed train) services connect major cities such as Strasbourg, Reims, and Metz to Paris and other European cities. The region also has several airports, including Strasbourg Airport and Metz-Nancy-Lorraine Airport.

Education

Grand Est is home to several universities and higher education institutions, including the University of Strasbourg, the University of Lorraine, and the Reims Management School. These institutions offer a wide range of programs and contribute to the region's research and innovation.

Tourism

Tourism is an important sector in Grand Est, attracting visitors to its historic cities, scenic landscapes, and cultural events. Popular tourist destinations include the Alsace Wine Route, the Champagne cellars, and the Vosges Mountains.

See Also

• Regions of France
• Alsace
• Champagne-Ardenne
• Lorraine