HLA-DR15

HLA-DR15 is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within the HLA-DR serogroup. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of HLA-DRB1*15 and *16 gene products. This broad antigen group is produced by two similar genes, HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DRB5, which are inherited together. HLA-DR15 and HLA-DR51 are commonly inherited together and are linked with several autoimmune conditions and diseases.

Structure and Function

HLA-DR15 is a part of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II molecules, which are expressed in antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The primary function of these molecules is to present processed antigenic peptides to T cells. HLA-DR15, like other MHC class II molecules, is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DRA) and beta chain (DRB), the latter being encoded by HLA-DRB1 or HLA-DRB5 genes.

Association with Diseases

HLA-DR15 has been associated with a number of autoimmune diseases. These include multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. It is also associated with a higher risk of narcolepsy, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and pemphigus vulgaris.

Clinical Significance

The presence of HLA-DR15 can be determined through HLA typing, which can be useful in predicting susceptibility to certain diseases. However, it is not used as a diagnostic tool due to the complex nature of these diseases.

See Also

• HLA-DR
• Human leukocyte antigen
• Major Histocompatibility Complex
• Autoimmune disease