Lyase

Lyase is a class of enzymes that catalyze the breaking of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. The reverse reaction can also often be performed. For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase:

ATP → cAMP + PPi

Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they require only one substrate for the reaction in one direction, but two for the reverse reaction.

Classification[edit | edit source]

Lyases are classified as EC 4 in the EC number classification of enzymes. Lyases can be further classified into seven subclasses:

EC 4.1 includes enzymes that cleave carbon-carbon bonds, such as decarboxylases, aldolases, and dehydratases.
EC 4.2 includes enzymes that cleave carbon-oxygen bonds, such as dehydratases.
EC 4.3 includes enzymes that cleave carbon-nitrogen bonds.
EC 4.4 includes enzymes that cleave carbon-sulfur bonds.
EC 4.5 includes enzymes that cleave carbon-halide bonds.
EC 4.6 includes enzymes that cleave phosphorus-oxygen bonds.
EC 4.99 includes other lyases.

Examples[edit | edit source]

Some of the enzymes classified as lyases include:

See also[edit | edit source]

Lyase Resources
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