Mesenchymal–epithelial transition

Mesenchymal–Epithelial Transition (MET) is a biological process that involves the transition of cells from a mesenchymal state to an epithelial state. This process is crucial in numerous developmental processes and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including cancer and fibrosis.

Overview

MET is a reversible cellular process that is part of the broader category of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). During MET, cells lose their mesenchymal characteristics, such as mobility and invasiveness, and gain epithelial characteristics, such as polarity and adhesion. This transition is regulated by a complex network of transcription factors, signaling pathways, and microRNAs.

Role in Development

During embryogenesis, MET plays a critical role in the formation of various tissues and organs. For example, it is involved in the formation of the neural crest, heart, and kidney. In addition, MET is crucial for the process of gastrulation, during which the three germ layers of the embryo are formed.

Role in Disease

Aberrant MET has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases. In cancer, for example, MET is thought to contribute to the process of metastasis, whereby cancer cells spread from the primary tumor to distant sites in the body. In fibrosis, MET is believed to contribute to the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix that characterizes this disease.

See Also

• Epithelial-mesenchymal transition
• Cancer metastasis
• Fibrosis
• Gastrulation

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