Cradle cap

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Cradle cap is a common seborrheic dermatitis condition that affects infants. It is characterized by the presence of greasy, yellowish, scaly patches on the scalp. Although it can be alarming to parents, cradle cap is generally harmless and usually resolves on its own within a few months.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of cradle cap is the appearance of thick, crusty, yellow or brown scales on the baby's scalp. These scales can sometimes spread to other areas, such as the face, ears, neck, and diaper area. The affected skin may appear red and inflamed, but it is typically not itchy or uncomfortable for the infant.

Causes

The exact cause of cradle cap is not well understood. However, it is believed to be related to overactive sebaceous glands in the skin, which produce excess sebum. This excess sebum can trap dead skin cells, leading to the formation of scales. Factors such as hormones passed from the mother to the baby during pregnancy and the presence of certain yeasts on the skin may also contribute to the development of cradle cap.

Diagnosis

Cradle cap is usually diagnosed based on its characteristic appearance. A pediatrician or dermatologist can typically identify the condition through a physical examination. In most cases, no additional tests are necessary.

Treatment

Treatment for cradle cap is often not required, as the condition usually resolves on its own. However, there are several methods that can help to manage and reduce the symptoms:

• Gently washing the baby's scalp with a mild baby shampoo.
• Using a soft brush to loosen and remove the scales after shampooing.
• Applying a small amount of mineral oil or petroleum jelly to the affected areas to soften the scales before washing.

In more severe cases, a doctor may recommend the use of medicated shampoos or topical treatments containing antifungal or anti-inflammatory agents.

Prevention

There is no guaranteed way to prevent cradle cap, but maintaining good scalp hygiene can help to reduce the likelihood of its occurrence. Regularly washing the baby's scalp with a gentle shampoo and brushing the hair can help to prevent the buildup of scales.

Prognosis

Cradle cap is a benign condition that typically resolves on its own within a few months. It does not cause any long-term health problems and is not associated with any serious complications. Most infants outgrow cradle cap by the time they are one year old.

See also

• Seborrheic dermatitis
• Eczema
• Psoriasis
• Infant care