Mononucleosis

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Mononucleosis, also known as mono, is an infectious disease usually caused by the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Other viruses can also cause mononucleosis.

Symptoms and signs[edit | edit source]

The most common symptoms of mononucleosis are fatigue, sore throat, fever, and swollen lymph nodes. Other symptoms may include swollen liver or spleen, and sometimes a rash. The symptoms usually begin 4 to 6 weeks after exposure to the virus and can last for up to two months.

Causes[edit | edit source]

Mononucleosis is primarily caused by the Epstein–Barr virus, which is spread through bodily fluids, especially saliva. However, other viruses, such as Cytomegalovirus, can also cause mononucleosis.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of mononucleosis is typically based on the symptoms and confirmed by blood tests. The Monospot test is a rapid test for mononucleosis due to EBV.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

There is no specific treatment for mononucleosis. Relief of symptoms is the main focus of treatment. This can include adequate hydration, rest, and over-the-counter medications for pain and fever.

Prognosis[edit | edit source]

Most people recover from mononucleosis within 2 to 4 weeks, but fatigue may last longer. Serious complications are rare.

Prevention[edit | edit source]

There is no vaccine for the Epstein–Barr virus. Prevention involves avoiding close contact with people who have mononucleosis or their saliva.

See also[edit | edit source]

Mononucleosis Resources
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD