Neurilemoma
Neurilemoma Neurilemoma, also known as schwannoma, is a benign tumor that arises from Schwann cells, which are the cells responsible for the myelin sheath covering peripheral nerves. This article provides a comprehensive overview of neurilemoma, including its etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
Etiology[edit | edit source]
Neurilemomas are typically sporadic and arise from the Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system. They are associated with the following factors:
- Genetic Factors: While most neurilemomas are sporadic, they can be associated with genetic conditions such as Neurofibromatosis Type 2.
- Environmental Factors: There is no strong evidence linking environmental factors to the development of neurilemomas.
Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
Patients with neurilemoma may present with a variety of symptoms depending on the location of the tumor:
- Peripheral Nerve Involvement: Patients may experience a palpable mass, pain, or neurological deficits such as numbness or weakness.
- Cranial Nerve Involvement: When affecting cranial nerves, symptoms can include hearing loss, tinnitus, or facial weakness.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
The diagnosis of neurilemoma involves a combination of clinical evaluation and imaging studies:
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): MRI is the preferred imaging modality, often showing a well-defined, encapsulated mass.
- Biopsy: A biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis, revealing spindle-shaped Schwann cells.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
The treatment of neurilemoma depends on the size, location, and symptoms:
- Surgical Resection: The primary treatment is surgical removal, which is often curative.
- Observation: In asymptomatic cases, especially in older patients, observation may be appropriate.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
Neurilemomas are benign and have an excellent prognosis following complete surgical resection. Malignant transformation is rare.
See Also[edit | edit source]
External Links[edit | edit source]
NIH genetic and rare disease info[edit source]
Neurilemoma is a rare disease.
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
