Pyogenic arthritis

Pyogenic arthritis is a type of infectious arthritis caused by a bacterial infection in a joint. The condition is also known as septic arthritis and is considered a medical emergency due to its potential to rapidly damage the affected joint.

Causes

Pyogenic arthritis is most commonly caused by bacteria that spread through the bloodstream from another part of the body, such as the skin or throat. The most common bacteria that cause pyogenic arthritis are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus. Other bacteria, such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae, can also cause this condition, especially in sexually active young adults.

Symptoms

The symptoms of pyogenic arthritis typically include severe pain in the affected joint, fever, and an inability to move the joint. The joint may also be swollen, red, and warm to the touch. These symptoms usually develop rapidly, often within a few hours.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of pyogenic arthritis is typically made based on the patient's symptoms, a physical examination, and laboratory tests. The definitive diagnosis is made by analyzing the synovial fluid from the affected joint, which is usually obtained through a procedure called arthrocentesis.

Treatment

The treatment of pyogenic arthritis typically involves antibiotics to treat the bacterial infection and drainage of the infected joint fluid. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove infected tissue and repair any damage to the joint.

Prognosis

The prognosis for pyogenic arthritis depends on the severity of the infection and the speed of treatment. With prompt treatment, most people recover fully. However, if treatment is delayed, the condition can lead to permanent joint damage and disability.

See also

• Infectious arthritis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Osteoarthritis