Stroma (tissue)

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Stroma (tissue)

The term stroma refers to the supportive framework of a biological tissue or organ, typically composed of connective tissue. The stroma provides structural support and often plays a role in the function of the tissue or organ.

Structure

Stromal tissue is primarily made up of extracellular matrix components such as collagen, elastin, and glycoproteins. It also contains various types of cells, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells. The specific composition of the stroma can vary depending on the tissue or organ in which it is found.

Function

The stroma serves several critical functions:

• Support: It provides a scaffold that maintains the shape and integrity of the tissue or organ.
• Nutrient Supply: It contains blood vessels that supply nutrients and oxygen to the tissue.
• Waste Removal: It helps in the removal of metabolic waste products.
• Cell Signaling: It plays a role in cell signaling and communication, influencing the behavior of the parenchymal cells.

Types of Stroma

Different organs have specialized stromal tissues:

• Bone Marrow Stroma: Supports the formation of blood cells.
• Corneal Stroma: Provides transparency and refractive power to the cornea.
• Ovarian Stroma: Involved in the production of hormones and support of oocytes.

Clinical Significance

Stromal tissue can be involved in various pathological conditions:

• Fibrosis: Excessive formation of stromal tissue can lead to fibrosis, which can impair the function of the affected organ.
• Tumor microenvironment: In cancer, the stroma can influence tumor growth and progression by interacting with cancer cells.

See Also

• Connective tissue
• Extracellular matrix
• Fibroblast
• Parenchyma
• Tumor microenvironment