Uncinariasis

Uncinariasis is a type of helminthiasis, specifically a nematode infection caused by the hookworms Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. It is a common disease in tropical and subtropical regions, especially in areas with poor sanitation.

Etiology

Uncinariasis is caused by the hookworms Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. These parasites are found in the soil and can penetrate the skin of humans, especially when walking barefoot. The larvae then travel through the bloodstream to the lungs, and from there to the small intestine, where they mature into adult worms.

Symptoms

The symptoms of uncinariasis can vary depending on the stage of infection. During the initial stage, when the larvae penetrate the skin, there may be a localized itch and rash. As the larvae migrate through the body, symptoms may include cough, fever, and general malaise. Once the worms reach the intestines, they can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, and anemia due to blood loss.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of uncinariasis is usually made by identifying hookworm eggs in a stool sample. Other diagnostic methods include serological tests and endoscopy.

Treatment

Treatment for uncinariasis typically involves anthelmintic medications such as mebendazole or albendazole. Iron supplements may also be given to treat anemia.

Prevention

Prevention of uncinariasis involves improving sanitation and promoting the use of footwear in endemic areas. Mass drug administration programs can also help to control the disease.

See also

• Helminthiasis
• Ancylostoma duodenale
• Necator americanus
• Mebendazole
• Albendazole

Uncinariasis Resources
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