Vernal conjunctivitis

Vernal conjunctivitis is a chronic, seasonal eye disorder primarily affecting children and young adults. It is characterized by inflammation of the conjunctiva, the clear tissue that lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the white part of the eye.

Etiology

The exact cause of vernal conjunctivitis is unknown, but it is thought to be an allergic reaction to airborne allergens such as pollen, dust mites, and mold spores. It is more common in warm climates and typically occurs in the spring and summer months, hence the term "vernal," which means "spring" in Latin.

Symptoms

Symptoms of vernal conjunctivitis include redness, itching, and watering of the eyes. In severe cases, it can cause light sensitivity, blurred vision, and a thick, sticky discharge. The condition can affect one or both eyes.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of vernal conjunctivitis is typically based on the patient's symptoms and medical history. An eye examination may reveal characteristic signs such as thickened, bumpy conjunctiva and large, fluid-filled bumps (papillae) on the upper eyelid.

Treatment

Treatment for vernal conjunctivitis aims to control symptoms and prevent complications. This may involve avoiding allergens, using artificial tears to soothe the eyes, and applying cold compresses to reduce inflammation. In more severe cases, steroid eye drops or other medications may be prescribed.

Prognosis

With appropriate treatment, most people with vernal conjunctivitis experience a significant improvement in symptoms. However, the condition tends to recur each spring and summer until the individual outgrows it, usually in late adolescence or early adulthood.

See also

• Allergic conjunctivitis
• Keratoconjunctivitis
• Conjunctivitis