Aspidium

Aspidium

Aspidium is a term historically used to refer to the dried rhizome and stipes of certain species of ferns, particularly those belonging to the genus Dryopteris. These ferns have been used in traditional medicine, primarily for their anthelmintic properties, which means they were used to expel parasitic worms and other internal parasites from the body.

Description

The term "Aspidium" is derived from the Greek word "aspidion," meaning "shield," which refers to the shield-like shape of the indusium, a membrane covering the sori on the underside of the fern fronds. The most commonly referenced species in historical texts is Dryopteris filix-mas, also known as the male fern.

Historical Use

Aspidium was widely used in the 19th and early 20th centuries as a treatment for tapeworm infections. The active compounds in Aspidium, known as filicin and filicic acid, were believed to paralyze the worms, allowing them to be expelled from the host's body.

Pharmacology

The pharmacologically active components of Aspidium are found in the rhizomes of the ferns. These compounds are lipid-soluble and can be toxic if not used properly. The use of Aspidium has declined with the advent of more effective and safer anthelmintic drugs.

Toxicity

While Aspidium was once a common treatment for parasitic infections, it is important to note that it can be toxic, particularly to the liver and kidneys, if used inappropriately. Symptoms of toxicity include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and in severe cases, seizures and coma.

Modern Relevance

Today, the use of Aspidium in medicine is rare, and it is primarily of historical interest. Modern anthelmintics, such as praziquantel and albendazole, are preferred due to their efficacy and safety profile.

Also see

• Dryopteris
• Anthelmintic
• Traditional medicine
• Herbal medicine