Bigorexia

Bigorexia

Bigorexia, also known as muscle dysmorphia, is a mental health disorder characterized by an obsession with not being muscular enough. It is a subtype of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and is sometimes referred to as "reverse anorexia." Individuals with bigorexia often perceive themselves as small and weak, even if they are of normal or above-average muscularity.

Symptoms

People with bigorexia may exhibit the following symptoms:

• Excessive time spent in the gym or engaging in weightlifting and bodybuilding activities.
• Constantly checking their appearance in mirrors.
• Avoiding situations where their body might be exposed, such as swimming or changing rooms.
• Following a strict diet and supplement regimen to increase muscle mass.
• Using anabolic steroids or other performance-enhancing drugs.
• Experiencing distress or anxiety over missed workouts or perceived lack of progress.

Causes

The exact cause of bigorexia is not well understood, but it is believed to be influenced by a combination of genetic, psychological, and environmental factors. Some potential contributing factors include:

• Genetics: A family history of obsessive-compulsive disorder or other mental health disorders may increase the risk.
• Psychological factors: Low self-esteem, perfectionism, and a history of bullying or body shaming can contribute to the development of bigorexia.
• Cultural influences: Societal pressures and media portrayals of the "ideal" male body can exacerbate feelings of inadequacy.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of bigorexia typically involves a comprehensive evaluation by a mental health professional. This may include:

• Clinical interviews to assess symptoms and their impact on daily life.
• Questionnaires or self-report scales specific to body image and muscle dysmorphia.
• Ruling out other mental health disorders that may present with similar symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment for bigorexia often involves a combination of psychotherapy, medication, and lifestyle changes:

• Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is commonly used to help individuals challenge and change distorted beliefs about their body image.
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may be prescribed to help manage symptoms of anxiety and depression associated with bigorexia.
• Encouraging healthy exercise habits and balanced nutrition.
• Support groups or peer counseling can provide additional emotional support.

Prevention

Preventive measures for bigorexia may include:

• Promoting positive body image and self-esteem from a young age.
• Educating individuals about the risks of performance-enhancing drugs.
• Encouraging a balanced approach to fitness and nutrition.

Also see

• Body dysmorphic disorder
• Anorexia nervosa
• Bulimia nervosa
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder
• Performance-enhancing drugs