Chronic esophagitis

Chronic Esophagitis is a long-term inflammation of the esophagus, the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. This condition can be caused by a variety of factors, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), infections, and certain medications.

Causes

The most common cause of chronic esophagitis is GERD, a condition in which stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus. This backwash (acid reflux) can irritate the lining of the esophagus, leading to inflammation over time. Other causes can include infections from bacteria, viruses, or fungi, especially in people with weakened immune systems. Certain medications, such as aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can also cause chronic esophagitis if they become lodged in the esophagus, causing direct irritation and inflammation.

Symptoms

Symptoms of chronic esophagitis can vary depending on the cause. Common symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, heartburn, and regurgitation of food or sour liquid. If the condition is caused by an infection, additional symptoms such as fever and chills may be present.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of chronic esophagitis typically involves a combination of a physical examination, patient history, and diagnostic tests. These tests can include an endoscopy, where a thin tube with a light and camera is used to examine the esophagus, and a biopsy, where a small sample of tissue is taken for examination under a microscope.

Treatment

Treatment for chronic esophagitis depends on the underlying cause. For cases caused by GERD, treatment options can include lifestyle changes, such as dietary modifications and weight loss, as well as medications to reduce stomach acid. If an infection is the cause, antibiotics, antiviral drugs, or antifungal medications may be prescribed. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair damage to the esophagus.

See Also

• Gastroesophageal reflux disease
• Esophagus
• Endoscopy