Amlexanox

Amlexanox is a medication and oral paste used in the treatment of aphthous ulcers (canker sores) and inflammatory conditions. It has anti-inflammatory and antiallergic properties. Amlexanox works by inhibiting the release of histamine and leukotrienes from mast cells, basophils, and neutrophils, thereby reducing inflammation and promoting healing of ulcers.

Medical Uses

Amlexanox is primarily used for the treatment of recurrent minor aphthous ulcers in patients with a normal immune system. It is applied directly to the ulcerated area and can help reduce the pain and duration of the ulcers.

Mechanism of Action

The exact mechanism of action of amlexanox is not fully understood. However, it is known to act as an inhibitor of several inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1), which are involved in the inflammatory process. By inhibiting these cytokines, amlexanox reduces inflammation and accelerates healing.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of amlexanox include:

• Mild irritation or burning sensation at the application site
• Allergic reactions are rare but may occur

Pharmacokinetics

Information on the pharmacokinetics of amlexanox is limited. However, when applied topically, systemic absorption is minimal, reducing the risk of systemic side effects.

History

Amlexanox was first approved for medical use in Japan in the 1980s. Since then, it has been approved in several other countries for the treatment of aphthous ulcers.

Research

Research into amlexanox has also explored its potential use in treating other conditions, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, and even obesity and diabetes, due to its anti-inflammatory effects. However, these uses are still under investigation and are not yet approved.