Empty sella

Empty Sella Syndrome is a neurological disorder characterized by the enlargement or malformation of the sella turcica, a saddle-shaped depression in the sphenoid bone of the human skull. The condition is named for the appearance of the sella turcica as being 'empty' on an MRI or CT scan, due to the herniation of the subarachnoid space and cerebrospinal fluid into the sella turcica.

Etiology

The exact cause of Empty Sella Syndrome is unknown. However, it is often associated with increased intracranial pressure, pituitary gland tumors, or complications following pituitary surgery or radiation therapy. It can also occur as a result of congenital defects or autoimmune diseases.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Empty Sella Syndrome can vary greatly depending on the individual and the severity of the condition. Some individuals may be asymptomatic, while others may experience headaches, vision problems, hormonal imbalances, and fatigue. In severe cases, it can lead to pituitary insufficiency, resulting in a variety of endocrine disorders.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Empty Sella Syndrome is typically made through medical imaging, such as an MRI or CT scan, which can reveal the characteristic 'empty' appearance of the sella turcica. Additional tests may be performed to assess pituitary function and hormone levels.

Treatment

Treatment for Empty Sella Syndrome is typically focused on managing symptoms and any underlying conditions. This may include hormone replacement therapy for individuals with pituitary insufficiency, or surgery in cases where a tumor is present.

See Also

• Pituitary gland
• Sella turcica
• Intracranial pressure
• Pituitary insufficiency